Source: Kiplinger
This article was originally published on Kiplinger – https://www.kiplinger.com/
Federal workers and military personnel can save up to $18,500 in TSP retirement accounts, $500 more than in 2017. Some savers can make additional catch-up contributions.
Employees of the federal government and members of the military can save hundreds of dollars more for retirement this year thanks to an increase in the contribution limits for the Thrift Savings Plan.
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2018 Thrift Savings Plan Contribution Limits
The maximum amount you can contribute to a TSP account for this year is $18,500, an increase of $500 from 2017. If you’re 50 or older, your plan may allow you to contribute an additional $6,000 as a catch-up contribution, bringing your 2018 TSP contribution total to $24,500.
Active military members who are deployed in combat zones and receive tax-free income can salt away even more – up to $55,000 in the TSP in 2018.
Retirement Benefits of the Thrift Savings Plan
Similar to a 401(k) retirement savings plan, pretax contributions to a TSP account lower your taxable income, while contributions and earnings grow tax-sheltered until you withdraw them. Your withdrawals will be taxed as ordinary income. Note, however, that if you pull money out before age 59½, you face a 10% early withdrawal penalty on top of taxes.
Another TSP option: You can make after-tax Roth contributions, which don’t give you a tax break now but the money can be withdrawn tax-free in retirement. For the earnings in your contributions to be tax-free, you must have contributed to the Roth for at least five years and be at least age 59½.
The sheer size of the government retirement plan allows it to charge super-low fees. The cost of administering the TSP in 2017 was a mere 0.033% – or 33 cents for every $1,000 invested. In comparison, the average cost of 401(k) plans last year was $4.30 per $1,000 invested.
The Thrift Savings Plan has six investment options, including the lifecycle fund series introduced in 2005. The G fund invests in government securities; the F fund is composed of bonds; the C fund holds large-company stocks; the S fund invests in small-company stocks; and the I fund invests internationally. The lifecycle funds (L funds) are similar to target-date funds in traditional 401(k) accounts. They invest in the other five funds but gradually become more conservative as employees approach retirement.
If you can withstand some ups and downs and your retirement is far off, you could invest more in the C fund, which tracks Standard & Poor’s 500 stock index. Or if you’re looking for a more set-it-and-forget-it approach, the lifecycle fund with the name closest to the year you expect to retire could be the best option.
An important savings tip for civilian federal employees: Don’t miss out on the TSP match. The government automatically contributes 1% of their pay into the plan for them. The first 3% of pay they contribute will be matched dollar-for-dollar by the government. The next 2% of salary they add to the plan will be matched 50 cents on the dollar.
A Big Change to Military Pensions
Many service members who joined the military between 2006 and 2017 will have a critical pension decision to make by the end of 2018. They can stick with their old retirement system, which after 20 years of service would entitle them to a pension worth half their base pay. Or they can take a smaller pension – worth 40% of base pay if they stay for 20 years – and receive a government match of up to 5% in their TSP accounts. (Those joining the military in 2018 will automatically be enrolled in the blended retirement system.)
The new system is more beneficial for those who don’t plan to stay in the military for at least 20 years. If you’re unsure whether you should switch to the new retirement system, USAA provides a handy comparison tool on its website. Go to USAA.com and type “military retirement system” in the search tab. Or check out the Department of Defense’s Military Compensation website.
“The Thrift Savings Plan is a big key to start out on the right foot financially,” says Josh Andrews, a certified financial planner who is director of military advice for USAA (and a former Air Force pilot). “It’s low-cost and easy to set up.”
Andrews suggests that military members put 10% of their basic pay into their Thrift Savings Plan accounts. If that’s not feasible, he says to start small and gradually increase contributions, particularly after pay raises.
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Don’t forget that the Thrift Savings Plan is a supplement to any government pension you may receive and Social Security. The more you save now, the more you’ll have in retirement. To see how much you need to save in your Thrift Savings Plan – whether military or civilian – run the numbers through a TSP savings calculator.
